Physiology of freezing of gait.
Identifieur interne : 000027 ( France/Analysis ); précédent : 000026; suivant : 000028Physiology of freezing of gait.
Auteurs : Anke H. Snijders [Pays-Bas] ; Kaoru Takakusaki [Japon] ; Bettina Debu [France] ; Andres M. Lozano [Canada] ; Vibhor Krishna [Canada] ; Alfonso Fasano [Canada] ; Tipu Z. Aziz [Royaume-Uni] ; Stella M. Papa [États-Unis] ; Stewart A. Factor [États-Unis] ; Mark Hallett [États-Unis]Source :
- Annals of neurology [ 1531-8249 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common and debilitating, but largely mysterious, symptom of Parkinson disease. In this review, we will discuss the cerebral substrate of FOG focusing on brain physiology and animal models. Walking is a combination of automatic movement processes, afferent information processing, and intentional adjustments. Thus, normal gait requires a delicate balance between various interacting neuronal systems. To further understand gait control and specifically FOG, we will discuss the basic physiology of gait, animal models of gait disturbance including FOG, alternative etiologies of FOG, and functional magnetic resonance studies investigating FOG. The outcomes of these studies point to a dynamic network of cortical areas such as the supplementary motor area, as well as subcortical areas such as the striatum and the mesencephalic locomotor region including the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN). Additionally, we will review PPN (area) stimulation as a possible treatment for FOG, and ponder whether PPN stimulation truly is the right step forward. Ann Neurol 2016;80:644-659.
DOI: 10.1002/ana.24778
PubMed: 27649270
Affiliations:
- Canada, France, Japon, Pays-Bas, Royaume-Uni, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Gueldre, Géorgie (États-Unis), Maryland, Ontario, Oxfordshire, Rhône-Alpes
- Grenoble, Nimègue, Oxford, Toronto
- Université de Toronto
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pubmed:27649270Le document en format XML
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Snijders</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Nimègue</settlement><region type="province" nuts="2">Gueldre</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Takakusaki, Kaoru" sort="Takakusaki, Kaoru" uniqKey="Takakusaki K" first="Kaoru" last="Takakusaki">Kaoru Takakusaki</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Research Center for Brain Function and Medical Engineering, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Center for Brain Function and Medical Engineering, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Asahikawa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Debu, Bettina" sort="Debu, Bettina" uniqKey="Debu B" first="Bettina" last="Debu">Bettina Debu</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Joseph Fourier University, Grenoble Universities, Grenoble, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Joseph Fourier University, Grenoble Universities, Grenoble</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Grenoble</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lozano, Andres M" sort="Lozano, Andres M" uniqKey="Lozano A" first="Andres M" last="Lozano">Andres M. 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Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aziz, Tipu Z" sort="Aziz, Tipu Z" uniqKey="Aziz T" first="Tipu Z" last="Aziz">Tipu Z. Aziz</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Papa, Stella M" sort="Papa, Stella M" uniqKey="Papa S" first="Stella M" last="Papa">Stella M. Papa</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Jean and Paul Amos Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, Jean and Paul Amos Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Factor, Stewart A" sort="Factor, Stewart A" uniqKey="Factor S" first="Stewart A" last="Factor">Stewart A. Factor</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Jean and Paul Amos Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Neurology, Jean and Paul Amos Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hallett, Mark" sort="Hallett, Mark" uniqKey="Hallett M" first="Mark" last="Hallett">Mark Hallett</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Annals of neurology</title><idno type="eISSN">1531-8249</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common and debilitating, but largely mysterious, symptom of Parkinson disease. In this review, we will discuss the cerebral substrate of FOG focusing on brain physiology and animal models. Walking is a combination of automatic movement processes, afferent information processing, and intentional adjustments. Thus, normal gait requires a delicate balance between various interacting neuronal systems. To further understand gait control and specifically FOG, we will discuss the basic physiology of gait, animal models of gait disturbance including FOG, alternative etiologies of FOG, and functional magnetic resonance studies investigating FOG. The outcomes of these studies point to a dynamic network of cortical areas such as the supplementary motor area, as well as subcortical areas such as the striatum and the mesencephalic locomotor region including the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN). Additionally, we will review PPN (area) stimulation as a possible treatment for FOG, and ponder whether PPN stimulation truly is the right step forward. Ann Neurol 2016;80:644-659.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li><li>France</li><li>Japon</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</li><li>Gueldre</li><li>Géorgie (États-Unis)</li><li>Maryland</li><li>Ontario</li><li>Oxfordshire</li><li>Rhône-Alpes</li></region><settlement><li>Grenoble</li><li>Nimègue</li><li>Oxford</li><li>Toronto</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Toronto</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Gueldre"><name sortKey="Snijders, Anke H" sort="Snijders, Anke H" uniqKey="Snijders A" first="Anke H" last="Snijders">Anke H. Snijders</name></region></country><country name="Japon"><noRegion><name sortKey="Takakusaki, Kaoru" sort="Takakusaki, Kaoru" uniqKey="Takakusaki K" first="Kaoru" last="Takakusaki">Kaoru Takakusaki</name></noRegion></country><country name="France"><region name="Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"><name sortKey="Debu, Bettina" sort="Debu, Bettina" uniqKey="Debu B" first="Bettina" last="Debu">Bettina Debu</name></region></country><country name="Canada"><region name="Ontario"><name sortKey="Lozano, Andres M" sort="Lozano, Andres M" uniqKey="Lozano A" first="Andres M" last="Lozano">Andres M. Lozano</name></region><name sortKey="Fasano, Alfonso" sort="Fasano, Alfonso" uniqKey="Fasano A" first="Alfonso" last="Fasano">Alfonso Fasano</name><name sortKey="Krishna, Vibhor" sort="Krishna, Vibhor" uniqKey="Krishna V" first="Vibhor" last="Krishna">Vibhor Krishna</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Aziz, Tipu Z" sort="Aziz, Tipu Z" uniqKey="Aziz T" first="Tipu Z" last="Aziz">Tipu Z. Aziz</name></region></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Géorgie (États-Unis)"><name sortKey="Papa, Stella M" sort="Papa, Stella M" uniqKey="Papa S" first="Stella M" last="Papa">Stella M. Papa</name></region><name sortKey="Factor, Stewart A" sort="Factor, Stewart A" uniqKey="Factor S" first="Stewart A" last="Factor">Stewart A. Factor</name><name sortKey="Hallett, Mark" sort="Hallett, Mark" uniqKey="Hallett M" first="Mark" last="Hallett">Mark Hallett</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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